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24 Aug 18. Estonia launches competition to develop new weapon systems. The Estonian Ministry of Defence (MoD) has launched a new competition for the development of future weapon systems. The Defence Innovation competition has been designed to encourage Estonian enterprises to come up with new ideas to produce high-export potential weapons systems, ammunition and munitions or other associated products. In July this year, the Estonian Parliament passed the amendment to the Weapons Act allowing private enterprises in the country for the first time to produce and handle military weapons and ammunition. The competition has been launched with an aim to promote the amendment to the weapons law and help strengthen Estonia’s defence industry sector.
“Our success parameter for the competition is to get at least three to four new and innovative products that can be marketed in Estonia and abroad.”
Estonian Defence Ministry chief defence industry officer Eneli Saabas said: “Our success parameter for the competition is to get at least three to four new and innovative products that can be marketed in Estonia and abroad.”
The competition will see the participation of companies that are registered in Estonia. The winning firms would receive a government contribution of €500,000 and will be responsible for carrying out product development and testing with the Estonian Defence Forces. The total budget of the projects is expected to reach more than €1m, while the maximum support for a single project will be up to €200,000 and state support can be a maximum of 45% of the cost of the development project. The applications for the competition are being evaluated by a committee comprising representatives from the MoD, defence forces, business organisations and outside experts. (Source: army-technology.com)
03 Aug 18. Iraq and Syria: OP SHADER. On 5 Jul 18 a Reaper struck a terrorist team planting improvised explosive devices in Eastern Syria and on 7 Jul 18 Typhoons destroyed a Daesh hide in Northern Iraq. Further reconnaissance missions were flown thereafter but RAF aircraft did not need to engage any targets until 18 Jul 18, when a Reaper sealed off a cave containing stockpiled weapons in Eastern Syria. (MoD, 3 Aug 18.)
Following warnings that nearly three million people in Idlib (North West Syria) were at risk of attack by the Assad regime and its backers, the UK is providing emergency medical aid and technology which provides civilians with early warnings of airstrikes through air raid sirens and social media alerts. (FCO, 17 Aug 18.)
Comment: Reuters reported (20 Aug 18) that the UK is to reduce support for some non-humanitarian projects in rebel-held areas of Syria. This is taken to include attempts to create an independent police force as well as funding for local councils. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
07 Aug 18. Nerve Agent: Amesbury Incident. The FCO requested (7 Aug 18) an extension of technical assistance from the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in the investigation of the Novichok nerve agent incident in Amesbury on 30 Jun 18, which resulted in the death of one of the British victims. The OPCW confirmed that a technical team would make a follow-up visit to collect additional samples. This follows an initial visit in early July.
Comment: During a speech at the United States Institute for Peace (21 Aug 18) the Foreign Secretary referred to international actions against Russia in response to the Salisbury Novichok incident of 4 Mar 18, and now called on the EU to go further by ensuring “its sanctions against Russia are comprehensive”. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
18 Aug 18. F-35B Advanced Fighter Aircraft: Carrier Trials. HMS QUEEN ELIZABETH set sail from Portsmouth (18 Aug 18) bound for the US East coast to conduct trials with F-35B fighter aircraft in Autumn 2018. The aircraft carrier will embark two test aircraft from the Integrated Test Force (ITF) based at Naval Air Station Patuxent River (Maryland), along with four F-35B Lightning developmental test pilots from the ITF (three British and one American). The aim of the trials is to ascertain the operating parameters of the aircraft and ship in a range of conditions. Similar trials were conducted with rotary wing aircraft in February 2018.
Comment: As part of the deployment, known as WESTLANT 18, HMS QUEEN ELIZABETH will be joined by the Type 23 frigate HMS MONMOUTH and RFA Tiderace as well as a contingent of Royal Marines from 42 Commando based in Plymouth. A further five F-35B Lightning II aircraft arrived at RAF Marham on 3 Aug 18, bringing the total number in the UK to nine. Operational testing of UK F-35B aircraft will take place on HMS QUEEN ELIZABETH in 2019. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
03 Aug 18. Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA): Tide Class Update. The RN reported (3 Aug 18) that RFA Tiderace was welcomed to the Fleet during a dedication ceremony at Portland, in advance of her deployment with HMS QUEEN ELIZABETH to the US. The MoD confirmed (15 Aug 18) that RFA Tideforce has arrived in the UK, following her voyage from South Korea. The vessel is now being customised at the A&P Falmouth yard before entering service in 2019.
Comment: RFA Tideforce is the fourth and final Tide Class tanker, built in South Korea by Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering. RFA Tidespring is in service while RFA Tidesurge is being fitted out in Falmouth. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
21 Aug 18. Type 31e Frigates: Competition Relaunch. The MoD verified (21 Aug 18) media reports that the competition to build a new class of Type 31e frigates for the RN has been relaunched. A spokesman said that a Prior Information Notice for the new Type 31e fleet has been issued and the MoD plans to start discussions with industry “next week”.
Comment: The procurement process for the Type 31e frigate was suspended on 24 Jul 18 due to a lack of compliant bids. There has been no change to the requirement for an initial order for five ships, with the first delivered by 2023, at a maximum average price of £250m each. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
Jul/Aug 18. HMS FORTH: Delayed into Service. Warship World (Jul/Aug 18) confirmed reports that HMS FORTH has been delayed into service, after a large number of ‘defects’ were found on the vessel. The contractor, BAE Systems, is to rectify the situation before the Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPV) can deploy.
Comment: HMS FORTH was formally commissioned into the Fleet on 13 Apr 18 as the first of five second-generation River Class OPV. Reports indicate that HMS FORTH will not need to be dry-docked during the above repairs. As a result of the delay, HMS TYNE has not yet been decommissioned and will continue in service for a short period. It is anticipated that all five of the River Class Batch 2 (HMS FORTH to be followed by MEDWAY, TRENT, TAMAR & SPEY) will arrive in Portsmouth by 2020. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
01 Aug 18. Hawk T2 Advanced Jet Trainer: New Squadron. The RAF confirmed (1 Aug 18) that a second Hawk T2 squadron is to form for the provision of Advanced Fast Jet Training (AFJT) of RAF and RN pilots. 25 (F) Squadron will join 4 Squadron at RAF Valley by the end of the year. 25 (F) Squadron is to take responsibility for the first phase of AFJT.
Comment: The decision to establish a second Hawk T2 squadron has been prompted by the increased demand for fast jet pilots to fly Typhoon and Lightning aircraft. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
30 Jul 18. OP ATALANTA: New Headquarters Arrangement. The European Council detailed (30 Jul 18) new command arrangements for OP ATALANTA, which has been necessitated by the UK’s decision to withdraw from the EU in March 2019. The European Union Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) Operational Headquarters will transfer from Northwood (UK) to Rota (Spain) while the Maritime Security Centre Horn of Africa (MSCHOA) will move to Brest (France). The new Operational Command will transfer from the UK to Spain.
Comment: EU NAVFOR’s OP ATALANTA, launched in 2008, contributes to the deterrence, prevention and repression of acts of piracy and armed robbery off the Somali coast. The Operation, widely regarded as one of the EU’s most successful, has had its mandate extended to 31 Dec 20. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
03 Aug 18. Cyprus: Fire Fighting. The RAF reported (3 Aug 18) that crew from 84 Squadron, based at RAF Akrotiri, assisted the Cypriot Government in controlling a large wild fire North West of Yermasoyia, Limassol district.
Comment: The fire burned over one square kilometre of wild vegetation and was close to residential homes for a number of hours. The RAF Griffin helicopter from 84 Squadron was deployed to assist with tackling the blaze along with assets from the Fire & Rescue Service of British Bases in Cyprus. (Source: DNA DEFENCE NEWS ANALYSIS, Issue 18/29, 27 Aug 18)
22 Aug 18. NATO says forces defensive, don’t compare to Russian deployments. NATO rebutted on Wednesday President Vladimir Putin’s suggestion that the alliance’s forces in eastern Europe posed a threat to Russia, saying they were no match for Moscow deployments.
“NATO’s actions are defensive, proportionate and fully in line with our international commitments,” the alliance’s spokeswoman Oana Lungescu said in an email to Reuters. “NATO has deployed 4,000 troops to the eastern part of the Alliance – to deter any possible aggression. These troops cannot compare to the divisions deployed by Russia. In contrast, Russia has troops in Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova against the wishes of their governments.”
It also contradicted Putin’s claim that the Western military alliance was refusing to discuss rules for military flights with Russia, saying aviation was an issue in various joint military forums. “As to the point on aviation, we have discussed Baltic air safety in the NATO-Russia Council,” she said. (Source: Reuters)
22 Aug 18. Bilateral joint statement on Aus-Poland defence co-operation. Australian Defence Minister Marise Payne has met with her Polish counterpart, Minister for National Defence Mariusz Błaszczak, to discuss the growing defence relationship between the two nations and sign a bilateral joint statement on defence co-operation. Australia and Poland share a friendship based on strong people-to-people links, shared democratic values and belief in the importance of multilateral engagement through the United Nations and other international forums.
Minister Payne said, “Our defence relationship is underpinned by our experience working together under the NATO umbrella in Afghanistan and in the global coalition to defeat ISIS in Iraq.”
Minister Payne and Minister Błaszczak reaffirmed their mutual commitment to ensuring sustained efforts to project stability, fight terrorism and uphold the rules-based global order. Areas of potential future co-operation under this arrangement may include the exchange on shared global security concerns, military training and education, and cyber security. Minister Payne and Minister Błaszczak also agreed to explore a defence co-operation memorandum of understanding to further defence engagement between the two nations. (Source: Defence Connect)
19 Aug 18. ‘French Can’t Fight Own Wars’: Paris Reportedly Makes UK Defense Chief ‘Livid.’ Last month, the UK sent three Royal Air Force helicopters and about 100 troops to Mali to help French forces combat jihadists still active in the region. The Sun has cited a Whitehall source as saying that British Defense Secretary Gavin Williamson was outraged after Paris said that London will have to pay £2m ($2.5m) so that the UK military can fly spare parts and kits to the Mali mission on French transport aircraft.
“We could not believe it. They begged for help, we give it, and then they want to charge us for keeping the mission running. The French can’t fight their own wars — now they won’t even help out those who help them. It sent Williamson livid — he threatened to ground the whole fleet,” the source stressed.
For its part, the UK Defense Ministry, in a statement on Saturday, pledged to “continue to strengthen our deep defense relationship with France.”
The remarks came after three Royal Air Force (RAF) Chinook helicopters and almost 100 British troops were sent to Mali last month to add to France’s anti-jihadi effort there. Currently, French servicemen are present in Mali as part of the ongoing anti-insurgent Operation Barkhane, which started in 2014. In the past few years, Mali has suffered from a surge in violence as jihadist groups continue to exploit rebels from nomadic Tuareg tribes so as to gain control over the northern part of the country, which remains mostly lawless due to separatist activities. In 2012, a Tuareg insurgency against the government triggered France, Mali’s former colonizer, to intervene at the request of the country’s authorities. France’s Operation Serval forced most of the rebels out; however, jihadists are still active in the northern territories, which are out of the control of the Malian government or French and UN forces. The UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has about 12,000 peacekeepers and was established by a UN Security Council resolution on April 25, 2013, alongside France’s Operation Serval that ended later that year. The UN mission’s aim is to stabilize the country and protect civilians from jihadi activity in the region. (Source: defense-aerospace.com/Sputnik News)
20 Aug 18. German defence minister upbeat on chance for more weapons funding. German Defence Minister Ursula von der Leyen said on Monday she believed negotiations with the finance ministry and German lawmakers would result in additional funds for major procurement programmes. Von der Leyen, from Chancellor Angela Merkel’s conservatives, must convince the finance ministry, which is led by their coalition partner, the Social Democrats, to cough up more cash, but they have been resisting bigger funding increases for the military. The current 2019 budget plan calls for a 4bn euro (£3.5bn) increase to 42.9bn, but the defence ministry says it needs more to meet its needs.
“I am optimistic because we have a clear prioritisation,” von der Leyen said when asked about the prospect of securing additional funds for a big heavy-lift helicopter programme and other arms projects after a demonstration of NH-90 helicopters at an army base in Niederstetten, in southern Germany. Ensuring adequate personal equipment for soldiers and digitalisation are the ministry’s top priorities, followed by a large number of weapons programmes, she said.
Which arms projects proceed will hinge on talks with lawmakers and on the successful negotiation of contracts to ensure that funds can be allocated, von der Leyen said, adding: “I am optimistic that we will be able to get our work done.”
Von der Leyen had shocked some last month when she said the funding for a 4bn euro programme to replace Germany’s ageing fleet of CH-53K helicopters was not yet secure, and would depend on the outcome of the 2019 budget finalisation process. That could result in delays to a long-awaited competition between two U.S. weapons makers – Lockheed Martin and Boeing, a ministry spokesman said.
LIGHT HELICOPTER DECISION SOON
Von der Leyen told reporters she expected progress on one smaller programme – procurement of seven smaller, light support helicopters to replace an ageing fleet of UH-1D helicopters.
“The decisions are being made in these weeks. We hope we can complete the negotiations for a contract by the end of the year so that it can be signed,” she said.
Airbus Helicopter is offering the army its H145M helicopter for the order, while Bell Helicopter, a unit of Textron and maker of the current models, is offering its 429 aircraft, according to media reports. The expected contract will be worth around 70m euros, including the aircraft and other services, said a source familiar with the process.
Von der Leyen said the NH90 helicopter had made progress after some initial growing pains, and it played a big role in aiding a U.N. peacekeeping mission in Mali that just ended.
Colonel Peter Goehringer, commander of Transport Helicopter Regiment 30, one of the army’s two NH90 units, said a range of measures had helped to improve the aircraft’s low readiness rate to 50 percent and that this would grow further. The NH90 helicopter is built by a consortium owned by Airbus Helicopter, Fokker and Italy’s Leonardo. (Source: Reuters)
18 Aug 18. Could US politics impact Germany’s next atomic warplane? As Germany ponders a suitable successor for the nuclear-capable Tornado aircraft, U.S. government officials are keeping a close eye on the proceedings — and could have an outsized impact on Germany’s final options. Among the four competing aircraft types, three are American: the Lockheed Martin F-35, as well as variants of Boeing’s F-15 and F-18.
But officials at the ministry of defense in Berlin are leaning toward a European aircraft, the Eurofighter Typhoon. That is in large part because fielding an improved version of that airplane, developed by a consortium of Airbus, Leonardo and BAE Systems, is considered a stepping stone toward fielding an entirely new type of aerial weapon for the continent in 2040. The politics around the selection process make the deal worth watching closely. Under a NATO agreement dating back to the Cold War, Germany has outfitted its Tornado fleet with a nuclear option, enabling the planes to carry U.S. atomic bombs eastward in case of a major war between the alliance and the former Soviet Union. Following several waves of reductions, around 20 bombs of the B-61 variant are still believed to be at Büchel air base, situated at the edge of the Mosel river wine region between the cities of Koblenz and Trier. Whichever plane Germany picks to replace the aging Tornados must be able to continue the nuclear role, the government’s current thinking here goes. And that is where things could get complicated, because the U.S. government gets a say. Reuters reported in June that German officials had sent a letter to Washington asking what it would take to certify the Eurofighter for the nuclear mission. The process could take anywhere between five to ten years, potentially throwing a big wrench in the Luftwaffe’s timing, sources told Reuters. In contrast, certifying U.S. aircraft to carry U.S. atomic bombs flown by German pilots is expected to be a simpler proposition. Variants of the F-35 are expected to become nuclear-weapons certified in the early 2020s, while the F-15 and F-18 already are presumed to possess the capability. German officials have declined to discuss the reported Eurofighter inquiry or anything related to the nuclear capabilities of the envisioned Tornado successor aircraft. And while the U.S. Defense Department has been similarly mum on the issue, a spokesman offered a statement to Defense News that includes something of a nudge.
“The U.S. government is actively engaged with the German Ministry of Defense to identify the requirements for its Tornado replacement program,” spokesman Johnny Michael wrote. He added that the status of ongoing “policy reviews” would be kept private.
“The German Tornado replacement program is a sovereign national decision,” Michael wrote. “We believe that a U.S. platform provides the most advanced, operationally capable aircraft to conduct their mission.”
Government proclamations supporting a country’s own defense companies are nothing new. But the tack is noteworthy in the flare-up between Washington and Berlin over trade policies and defense spending. Many in Germany still expect the Tornado-replacement debate to be about the relatively mundane mechanics of preserving a decades-old linkage between the United States and Germany. But in the age of Trump, these matters could take a very different turn, argues Christian Mölling of the German Council on Foreign Relations.
“If it was just technical, this would not be an issue,” he said. “But right now everything is political between Germany and the United States.”
President Trump is known for his desire to inject an economic calculus into all sorts of policy debates, and the U.S. leverage over German-carried American nukes may just turn out to become another opportunity to boost American firms. The chief executives of the two American companies in question, Marillyn Hewson for Lockheed Martin and Dennis Muilenburg for Boeing, are known to have Trump’s ear. Government leaders here have traditionally clung to the transatlantic nuclear connection as an important means to keep Berlin at the table in strategic matters involving the alliance. But there are also those who believe the agreement is an arcane relic of the Cold War, and that U.S. atomic bombs stationed on German soil are more of a liability than a strategic edge. The coming Tornado-replacement debate here could once again open that can of worms, especially if Trump moves to make a “business case” out of it to benefit U.S. contractors, said Mölling. There is one way to table the thorny issue altogether, which has been Germany’s tactic for years. And that involves absorbing the rising price tag of keeping the nuclear-capable Tornados flying — though that is becoming an increasingly expensive proposition given the fleet’s age.
“There does not have to be a nuclear Tornado replacement,” said Karl-Heinz Kamp, president of the Federal Academy for Security Policy, a government think tank. He noted that any German government is acutely averse to the publicity surrounding Berlin’s would-be atomic bombers.
“That’s why they will keep flying the Tornados, despite the price tag and despite having asked about a Eurofighter nuclear certification in Washington,” Kamp predicted. (Source: Defense News Early Bird/Defense News)
18 Aug 18. HMS Queen Elizabeth Sets Off For F-35B Fighter Jet Trials. Eight years since a British aircraft carrier last flew a fast jet from her decks, the 65,000-tonne carrier will embark two F-35B test aircraft, from the Integrated Test Force (ITF), based out of Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland. Around 200 supporting staff, including pilots, engineers, maintainers and data analysts will be joined by two ‘orange wired’ test aircraft, belonging to the ITF, which are expected to conduct 500 take offs and landings during their 11-week period at sea. The aim of these initial, or ‘developmental’ trials are to ascertain, through the specially equipped aircraft and sensors around the ship, the operating parameters of the aircraft and ship, in a range of conditions. Similar successful trials were conducted by HMS Queen Elizabeth at sea earlier this year for Rotary Wing aircraft. Defence Secretary Gavin Williamson said: “HMS Queen Elizabeth is a true statement of our national power, and the whole country can be proud to see this magnificent symbol of our engineering prowess and international ambition leaving port to sail onto the world stage.
“Her voyage to America not only shows her global reach, but strengthens our special relationship with the US Forces who we have worked hand-in-hand with on this iconic programme. As she sails along the east coast of the USA, she will signal our determination to keep fighting alongside our allies in all corners of an ever more complex and uncertain world.”
Four F 35B Lightning developmental test pilots, who are members of the ITF, will embark to fly the aircraft; three British, one American. The British personnel comprise a Royal Navy Commander, a Squadron Leader from the Royal Air Force and one civilian test pilot. They will be joined by a Major from the US Marine Corps. The trials follow the recent arrival into the UK of the first joint Royal Navy, Royal Air Force F-35B jets, based at RAF Marham. ‘Operational testing’, utilising British F-35B aircraft are scheduled to take place on board HMS Queen Elizabeth next year. The deployment, known as ‘WESTLANT 18’, will be the first-time HMS Queen Elizabeth will have sailed across the Atlantic. As well as the vital deck trials, it will also involve exercises to prove the ability to operate with other nations’ maritime and aviation assets, as well as the landing of Royal Marines and their equipment ashore in the United States, to conduct training with their US counterparts. HMS Queen Elizabeth Commanding Officer, Capt Jerry Kyd said: “This deployment to the United States will be another first for my ship. Crossing a major ocean with 1500 sailors, aircrew and Marines embarked and the spectre of the first F-35B Lightning landing on the deck in September is very exciting for us all.
“It has been an incredible journey since we left Rosyth just over a year ago and we are all looking forward to this next, seminal chapter in HMS Queen Elizabeth’s life.”
As the ship’s work-up continues, so too does the regeneration of the UK’s Carrier Strike capability. Commander UK Carrier Strike Group (COMUKCSG), Cdre Andrew Betton, will take command of the ship and other units of his task group, embarking in HMS Queen Elizabeth with his Carrier Strike Group headquarters staff.
He said: “As a critical step towards delivering the UK’s new Carrier Strike Group, this deployment demonstrates the astonishing collaborative effort that will enable the new F-35 jets to fly routinely from our Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers.
“At the heart of the Maritime Task Group, the aircraft carrier is well protected and sustained, ready to operate around the world as a potent and exceptionally flexible instrument of our foreign policy. These first F-35B embarked trials in a UK aircraft carrier are not only key to future operational success, but represent an iconic moment for the modern Royal Navy.”
The ship will conduct trials in UK waters over the coming days, before departing for the USA later this month. She will be joined by RFA Tiderace and Plymouth-based type-23 frigate HMS Monmouth, as well as Merlin Mk2 helicopters from 820 Naval Air Squadron, RNAS Culdrose, Mk 4 Merlins from 845 Naval Air Squadron, RNAS Yeovilton and a contingent of Royal Marines from 42 Commando, Plymouth. (Source: (Source: defense-aerospace.com/UK Ministry of Defence)
20 Aug 18. RAF Helicopters Ready to Support French in Mali. Three Royal Air Force Chinook helicopters, supported by around 90 British personnel are now fully operational and are supporting French counter-terrorism operations in Mali. The helicopters, from RAF Odiham, are providing niche logistical support to French combat forces conducting counter-terrorism operations as part of Operation Barkhane. UK forces have built three temporary aircraft hangers on the ground, enabling the Chinooks to fly multiple missions each week.
Armed Forces minister Mark Lancaster said: ”This deployment demonstrates the vital role our Armed Forces play, working alongside our French allies to tackle terrorism and reduce threats to European and UK security.”
The deployment is in addition to the UK’s long-standing support of UN, EU and G5 Sahel Joint Force operations in Mali aimed at preventing extremists from using the ungoverned space in the Sahel to plan and launch attacks on Europe, as well as countering the illegal trade in people, drugs, weapons and wildlife.
Minister for Africa Harriett Baldwin said, “This helicopter deployment demonstrates the UK’s commitment to do more in the Sahel, alongside £50m of UK Aid providing lifesaving humanitarian support, and a bigger diplomatic network.” (Source: ASD Network)
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About Lincad
Lincad is a leading expert in the design and manufacture of batteries, chargers and associated products for a range of applications across a number of different sectors. With a heritage spanning more than three decades in the defence and security sectors, Lincad has particular expertise in the development of reliable, ruggedised products with high environmental, thermal and electromagnetic performance. With a dedicated team of engineers and production staff, all product is designed and manufactured in-house at Lincad’s facility in Ash Vale, Surrey. Lincad is ISO 9001 and TickITplus accredited and works closely with its customers to satisfy their power management requirements.
Lincad is also a member of the Joint Supply Chain Accreditation Register (JOSCAR), the accreditation system for the aerospace, defence and security sectors, and is certified with Cyber Essentials, the government-backed, industry supported scheme to help organisations protect themselves against common cyber attacks. The majority of Lincad’s products contain high energy density lithium-ion technology, but the most suitable technology for each customer requirement is employed, based on Lincad’s extensive knowledge of available electrochemistries. Lincad offers full life cycle product support services that include repairs and upgrades from point of introduction into service, through to disposal at the end of a product’s life. From product inception, through to delivery and in-service product support, Lincad offers the high quality service that customers expect from a recognised British supplier.
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