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UNITED KINGDOM AND NATO
10 Apr 25. UK F-35 Lightning Force prepares for full operational capability on CSG 25. Fighter jet crews from the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force are gearing up for a major international deployment as the UK’s F-35 Lightning Force prepares to declare full operational capability. The aircraft – flown by 809 Naval Air Squadron and 617 Squadron Royal Air Force – will deploy aboard HMS Prince of Wales on Operation Highmast, better known as Carrier Strike Group 25. The global mission is set to demonstrate the UK’s carrier strike capabilities and will take the Royal Navy’s flagship, and the jets on board, through the Mediterranean, Middle East and Indo-Pacific.
• Landmark landing: British F-35 pilot touches down on Japanese warship for first time
• HMS Prince of Wales is leading Carrier Strike Group 25 – but who’s sailing with her?
• The F-35B: What you need to know about the UK’s fifth-generation Lightning
This marks a pivotal moment for the F-35 programme, as the UK looks to cement its ability to deliver air power from both land and sea – anywhere in the world.
Group Captain John Butcher, Commander of the Lightning Air Wing, said: “The Lightning Air Wing personnel are deploying onto HMS Prince of Wales for Operation Highmast.
“And as we have proven in years gone by, we are able to deploy to the maritime base, integrate completely seamlessly with our Royal Navy counterparts and to fly and fight together.”
Operation Highmast is expected to be a key milestone for both the jet and the Carrier Strike Group, with plans to declare full operational capability – known as FOC – for both this year.
Commander Nick Smith, Officer Commanding 809 Naval Air Squadron, described the moment as the culmination of months of preparation.
“The full operating capability is a big step for 809,” he said.
“It will see us be able to operate independently anywhere around the world at the request of the UK Government – delivering air power either from land bases ashore or from the sea from an aircraft carrier.”
The F-35 Lightning jet has already been deployed in operational theatres, but full capability will allow for sustained deployment of multiple squadrons from both land and sea, enabling the UK to project power globally at short notice.
Gp Capt Butcher said: “Operation Highmast signifies a major milestone for the Lightning programme. It will realise full operational capability for F-35 in the UK with the ability to deploy two squadrons to the maritime operating base.
“We are looking to declare a carrier strike full operating capability, of which F-35 forms a key part in the ability to strike our targets at range.”
809 Naval Air Squadron – known as The Immortals – was reformed in December 2023. Despite the naval badge, the squadron is made up of personnel from both the Royal Navy and RAF, in an example of true joint force capability.
“We are a truly joint team,” said Cdr Smith. “Approximately 50% of our personnel come from the Royal Air Force and the other half from the Royal Navy… we work very closely as part of the UK Combat Air Force.”
(Source: forces.net)
09 Apr 25. Britain looking for new early warning aircraft for carriers. The Ministry of Defence has launched a market engagement exercise seeking potential solutions for a new airborne early warning system to protect the Royal Navy’s aircraft carriers and their accompanying strike groups. Published on April 9th via Find a Tender, the notice — titled Carrier Strike Airborne Early Warning Initial Market Engagement — is “not a Request for Quotation (RFQ), Request for Proposal (RFP) or an Invitation for Bid (IFB)”, but instead “a market research tool being used to determine the availability and adequacy of potential sources for planning purposes only.” The proposed system would operate from the Royal Navy’s Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers and provide “persistent 24-hour surveillance” in support of Carrier Strike Group operations. This includes the carriers themselves, escort destroyers and frigates, and auxiliary support vessels. According to the notice, “the primary purpose of the system will be to provide the Carrier Strike Group… with sufficient warning of difficult air and surface threats inclusive of modern anti-ship guided weapons and strike aircraft to allow for effective counter threat action.” The MOD is exploring options to sustain and enhance its current airborne early warning capabilities beyond the currently fielded Crowsnest system. The notice highlights that this initiative is tied to the outcomes of the ongoing Strategic Defence Review and is “not informing the market of an imminent procurement.”
The MOD estimates the potential value of the future programme at between £500m and £1.5bn, with the current working figure noted as £1bn excluding VAT. Contract delivery is estimated to begin as early as January 2027, with service introduction sometime between 2030 and 2035, subject to review outcomes.
While the Royal Navy’s current airborne surveillance system uses Merlin helicopters fitted with the Crowsnest radar, the notice hints at broader interest in potential future solutions — including alternatives to traditional manned aircraft.
The MOD states: “The implementation options in the RFI are not prescribed, so we are interested in views from all interested parties on the best possible solution.” This could open the door to solutions including fixed-wing aircraft, drone-based systems, or unmanned rotary platforms equipped with advanced sensors. The market engagement aims to test the assumption that “there are very limited, if not a single, supplier solution(s) to meet the requirement in terms of performance and time.”
Next Steps
Responses to the RFI are due by 17:00 on 6 May 2025, with the MoD encouraging industry input via a Microsoft Form. “Where relevant and appropriate, this market engagement event may be followed by further engagement exercises,” the notice adds.
The MoD makes clear this is not yet a procurement, stating:
“All costs pertaining to the completion of this response are to be borne by the responders,” and that “procurement dates and values… should not be viewed as a firm commitment.”
(Source: News Now/https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/)
09 Apr 25. Royal Navy Commando Merlin helicopters upgraded. Upgrades to the amphibious Royal Navy Commando Merlin helicopters have achieved full operating capability. Upgrades enabling Royal Navy Commando Merlin helicopters to embark in and operate from vessels anywhere in the world have achieved full operating capability (FOC). This capability is known as littoral strike, and is part of an update that supports 3 Commando Brigade.
The Merlin Life Sustainment Programme (MLSP), overseen by Defence Equipment & Support (DE&S), has now fully transitioned the AW101 MK3/Mk3a Commando Merlin helicopters to a ship-optimised, in-service capability platform designated the Mk4/Mk4a Commando Merlin.
In total, 19 Mk3 and 6 Mk3a Commando Merlins were upgraded to the Mk4/4a standard, ensuring the Commando Helicopter Force (CHF) has the capability to provide air manoeuvre support to 3 Commando Brigade Royal Marines and other UK forces anywhere in the world.
The work was overseen by DE&S – the procurement arm of the MOD – working closely with industry partner Leonardo and the Royal Navy.
The CHF – the wings of the UK Commando Force – also support the Carrier Strike Group, carry out search and rescue operations, take part in maritime security, hurricane relief support, and counter-narcotics and anti-piracy operations if required.
Following the delivery of the final aircraft conversion in 2022, DE&S has overseen retrofit after delivery activity, including integrated Mission Planning System installation and integration of type-leading Synthetic Training Equipment. The declaration of FOC confirms achievement of the Royal Navy’s requirement and system acceptance.
Key original upgrades to the aircraft include a new folding main rotor-head and folding tail, which allows two of the aircraft to fit on just one of the carriers’ aircraft lifts, and an improved defensive aid suite with a system that warns against and locates hostile laser-guided weapons. These upgrades and the latest system integrations contribute to the Merlin Mk4/4A’s reputation as the world’s most advanced amphibious battlefield helicopter.
Capt Neil Mathieson, RN Merlin DT Team Leader at DE&S, said:
The key difference between the Mk3/Mk3a and the new variant is the fact that the Mk4/Mk4a has been fully ‘ship optimised’ to allow it to in embark and more efficiently operate from Royal Navy vessels. This means the Mk4/Mk4a aircraft are globally deployable for all maritime operations.
There have been significant changes to enable this, including a new folding main rotor head and folding tail. In addition, a brand-new suite of avionics has been integrated and obsolescence removed, aligning the cockpit to the Mk2 and extending the life of the platform to 2030.
Clive Scott, SVP UK Business, Leonardo Helicopters UK, said: “Our workforce is proud to have delivered these upgrades for the Royal Navy Merlin fleet from our site in Yeovil, the home of British helicopters.
Decades of investment in the site have ensured that we have the highly-specialised design skills onshore, meaning we can modify helicopters to UK specifications and help preserve our nation’s Freedom of Action and Operational Independence.
The AW101 sets the standard for maritime operations and, as well as being one of the UK Armed Forces’ core helicopters, has been acquired by allies including Japan, Italy, and Poland. Our export customers benefit from continuous investment in the platform, as well as their ability to interoperate with the Royal Navy.”
The synthetic trainer includes two new pilot simulators, a procedures trainer and a rear crew training device employing augmented reality systems. For the first time, this is co-located at RNAS Yeovilton, with CHF providing a step-change in training capability for new aircrew and front line mission training.
Merlin is now cleared to operate from the Royal Navy’s aircraft carriers, amphibious assault ships, Type 23 frigates, Royal Fleet Auxiliary vessels and the Type 45 destroyer.
Littoral manoeuvre, sometimes termed littoral strike, describes amphibious operations using both air and surface craft that are launched from a ship to an objective. An example would be aircraft deployed from the deck of a ship flying to complete its operation (usually land-based) and then returning to the ship.
The upgrade has enabled Merlin to be a more effective component in the future conduct of littoral manoeuvre operations, allowing the CHF to generate, sustain and field a more modern aviation capability.
In addition to the operational benefits, the aircraft now share a higher commonality across all marks of Merlin, with an upgraded cockpit and avionics suite that provides efficiencies within supply chains, effective maintenance cross-platform knowledge and training, enabling further interoperability when deployed. (Source: https://www.gov.uk/)
EUROPE
10 Apr 25. French Dassault Hints at Quitting FCAS Fighter Program Unwilling to Compromise With Germany and Spain. The New Generation Fighter, envisioned as the 6th-gen fighter jet developed under the FCAS program /
The sixth-generation FCAS fighter is currently being developed in cooperation between France, Germany, and Spain, but Dassault Aviation’s take on the members’ equal rights may well just bury the project
The French side of the Future Combat Air System (FCAS) program, led in cooperation with Germany and Spain, has once again criticised the effort and even hinted at the possibility of separating from their partners.
During the April 9 hearings in the French parliament, Dassault Aviation CEO Eric Trappier vocalized complaints that sounded very much like final nails in the coffin of the FCAS. The key points of his speech were outlined by Opex360.
Read more: Germany Announces New Partner for Next-Generation Fighter Jet Project at the ILA Berlin Air Show
A reminder from Defense Express, FCAS has been in phase 1B since December 16, 2022. This is further development of works on the initial concept, aiming to identify key technologies and start creating a demonstrator. This stage, with an estimated budget of €3.2 billion, is expected to take about 3.5 years to complete and should be ready by the summer of 2026.
It will be followed by Phase 2, delivering the first working prototype between 2028 and 2029. However, according to the Dassault Aviation CEO, the transition to Phase 2 is very complicated by the fact that all decisions are made democratically, and all three members have equal voting power.
“It’s not that Dassault Aviation doesn’t want to be involved. But it’s very difficult. We cannot divide up the work according to what we think. We have to compromise, negotiate constantly. <…> Now we will have to negotiate Phase 2, and so on. It’s complex and time-consuming. But if the States are willing, we can adapt. Though I’m not sure it’s an efficient model,” Trappier said.
Then, there’s also a chance Belgium will join in the project, too, meaning even more parties to deal with. More responsibilities will be divided, with some of the workshare being delegated to Belgian enterprises at the expense of the French share. The more France reduces its contribution, the less expertise is preserved domestically.
The New Generation Fighter, envisioned as the 6th-gen fighter jet developed under the FCAS program / Illustrative image credit: Airbus
Trappier stressed that “once you’ve taken the plunge, there’s no going back”, and that France “has to weigh up what we’re giving up to our allies”, because it increases the mutual dependence between the European partners.
The division of workshare entails further problems due to the lack of relevant skills in other participant states. For example, Airbus must create the drone fighter, the so-called loyal wingman under FCAS despite having no experience in this. Dassault, on the other hand, does: albeit in partnership, it has created the nEUROn drone. Besides, the project also lacks a sole leader empowered to develop a single interface for the entire system framework that unites all of FCAS subsystems.
The next “nail” is the issue that France wants this fighter to be a carrier of French nuclear weapons, unrestricted by anyone in production or application. But Germany wants the FCAS to carry American nuclear weapons, and it would also means adding U.S.-made components to the design.
In general, Eric Trappier has repeatedly pointed out that all decisions related to FCAS also include political and diplomatic aspects. When directly questioned whether Dassault Aviation could develop a sixth-generation fighter independently, he tactfully yet unambiguously made it clear that it is France that has the skills to make fighters, and they are the ones sharing this expertise with Spaniards and Germans.
(Source: News Now/Defense Express)
10 Apr 25. Aselsan Completed the World’s Most Comprehensive Meko-class Frigate Modernization. ASELSAN has successfully completed the BARBAROS-Class Frigates Mid-Life Upgrade (BARBAROS-MLU) Project, achieving a major milestone by modernizing 21 systems on TCG ORUÇREIS with advanced, indigenous solutions. Driven by the vision to meet the unique needs of both local and international customers, the company has built unparalleled expertise, particularly in maritime modernization.
ASELSAN, Türkiye’s leading defense company, has set a new benchmark in naval platform modernization through the successful completion of the temporary acceptance of the BARBAROS-Class Frigates Mid-Life Upgrade (BARBAROS-MLU) Project, recognized as the world’s most comprehensive MEKO-class frigate modernization initiative. Launched by the Turkish Presidency of Defence Industries, the BARBAROS-MLU Project aims to enhance the capabilities of the BARBAROS-Class Frigates, which serve as a vital component of the Turkish Naval Forces’ defense strategy. With a comprehensive combat system integration solution tailored to the specific needs of the Turkish Naval Forces, a total of 21 systems onboard TCG ORUÇREIS have been renewed under ASELSAN’s main contractorship. Among the notable advancements brought are radar, electronic warfare, integrated combat and satellite communication, electro-optic, weapon and fire control, underwater and navigation support systems; which significantly enhance the operational capabilities of TCG ORUÇREIS.
In addition to modernizing weapon and electronic systems, ASELSAN undertook extensive redesign work, including main mast modifications, above and below deck arrangement activities, and various analyses related to marine stability, HVAC systems, power distribution, and electromagnetic compatibility. ASELSAN President & CEO Ahmet Akyol emphasized the significance of this accomplishment, stating: “We are proud to complete the world’s most comprehensive MEKO-class frigate modernization by renewing the 21 systems on TCG ORUÇREIS with our advanced naval solutions. Drawing on this extensive experience, ASELSAN is capable of addressing the needs of all navies, with its innovative and effective naval systems gaining worldwide recognition. We will continue to provide the most advanced systems to our Navy and the navies of allied countries.” (Source: ASD Network)
04 Apr 25. Naviris & eurosam have achieved a significant milestone for the Horizon Mid-Life Upgrade Programme, a pivotal initiative for the Italian and the French Navies, with the completion of the first “Critical Design Review” (CDR). This milestone officially marks the transition from the design phase to the production phase of the Programme. Originally delivered between 2009 and 2011, the Horizon-class ships –”Andrea Doria”, “Caio Duilio”, “Forbin”, and “Chevalier Paul”– are set to undergo their midlife upgrade between 2026 and 2030. This upgrade aims to ensure that these vessels will remain equipped with state-of-the-art technology and enhanced capabilities, extending their operational lifespan while preserving and expanding their superior performance.
Awarded in July 2023 by OCCAr1, acting on behalf of the French and Italian nations, the Horizon Mid-Life Upgrade (HRZ MLU) contract is led by Naviris and eurosam and supported by Fincantieri, Naval Group, and preeminent key partners such as Leonardo, Thales, SiGen, and MBDA. The HRZ MLU Programme addresses key national requirements focusing on the development, production and integration onboard of the Aster missile based PAAMS Anti-Air Warfare (AAW) system and Electronic Warfare Systems (EWS) domains’ systems providing enhanced, new capabilities and performances against the most modern threats, while resolving obsolescence and updating systems to ensure continued reliability and effectiveness.
Following the completion of the System Design Review (SDR) in 2024, and the CDR in April 2025, the integration of new systems is scheduled as follows:
• Italian Navy: Integration on the First of Class ship will begin mid-2026, followed by Follow-on Ship at the end of 2027;
• French Navy: Integration on the First of Class will begin mid-2028, followed by Follow-on Ship at the end of 2029.
All upgrade activities are programmed to be concluded by 2030, hardening the Horizon-class vessels’ position as cutting-edge assets for national defence.
1OCCAr : Organisation Conjointe de Coopération en matière d’Armements / Organisation for joint armement cooperation
07 Apr 25. Greece announces submarine fleet recapitalisation. The Hellenic Navy’s (HN’s) submarine fleet is set to be modernised as part of a major EUR25 bn (USD27.43 bn) defence overhaul for the Hellenic Armed Forces announced by Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis on 2 April. An HN official told Janes the naval staff has already received the political approval for the modernisation of its four air-independent propulsion (AIP)-equipped Papanikolis-class (Type 214) diesel-electric submarines (SSKs) and to request bids for four new submarines.
The upgrade of the four Papanikolis-class SSKs, HS Papanikolis , HS Pipinos , HS Matrozos , and HS Katsonis , will include the replacement of the AEG SUT Mod 0 torpedoes with Atlas Elektronik DM2A4 SeaHake Mod 4 heavyweight torpedoes, the adaptation of the submarines’ ISUS-90 combat management system (CMS) to operate these new weapons, the procurement of additional torpedo batteries, and the installation of a torpedo countermeasures system. The 6.22 m-long and 1,530 kg-heavy fibre-optic-guided SeaHake torpedo features a 260 kg warhead, a modular battery system, an electric motor, a digital sonar, and an electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) to resist interference and evade modern decoys and countermeasures. Designed for speeds of up to 50 kt and a range exceeding 50 km, these torpedoes can operate with both active and passive targeting systems and be deployed from various depths under different sea conditions. The first batch of the 44 planned SeaHake torpedoes is set to be delivered around mid-2025 and a second batch by the end of 2025. (Source: Janes)
USA
08 Apr 25. After IVAS: Army reveals timeline for new augmented reality race, to name winners in August. The service unveiled its competition timeline this week that will have vendors demoing hardware by the end of May ahead of projected rapid prototyping awards in late summer.
By August the US Army plans to select at least one company to proceed with the design and prototype for a new version of its troubled mixed-reality heads display, according to a new competition schedule.
Industry has been awaiting plans for the service’s Integrated Visual Augmentation System (IVAS) recompete, dubbed the Soldier Borne Mission Command, and on Monday received a tentative competition roadmap online. In its bid to move the competition along at a quicker pace, the Army is once again using an Other Transaction Authority (OTA) pathway and will give interested companies until mid-May to submit white papers before demoing their hardware later that month. Based on feedback, the service then plans to officially issue a request for prototype proposals in mid-June before awarding at least one OTA contract by the end of August.
“The government is still developing the evaluation criteria; however, the government’s intent is that the technical merit of the vendor’s solution is the most important factor during evaluations at each step,” the Army notice said.
“The government’s intent is to award agreement(s) to prime contractor(s) who provide full solutions,” the service separately added. “The number of awards will be dependent on available funding, to include proposed vendor cost share, if applicable.”
Those winners will then have seven months, or until roughly March 2026, to begin delivering prototypes. Plans to hold the new Soldier Borne Mission Command competition, previously known as IVAS Next, have been in the works for some time and emerged after a series of roadblocks with the original IVAS program, which centered around a device derived from Microsoft’s commercially available HoloLens 2 heads-up display. By militarizing it, the service and Microsoft sought to provide soldiers with a capability suitable for both combat and virtual training, including under the cover of darkness. Microsoft eventually secured a 10-year production contract valued up to $22bn, but shortly after that 2021 award, a host of problems publicly emerged, including soldiers complaining of discomfort, dizziness, nausea, and system reliability.
After a series of fits and starts, Army leaders eventually revamped the program by splitting it up into three initial versions of the googles — the 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2. (The service acquired 5,000 1.0 units and outlined plans to possibly acquire an additional 5,000 1.1 units for limited use.)
Version 1.2 was billed as the key make-or-break upgrade — an iteration to correct past problems, in part, by transitioning the device from a helmet-like display with a 70-degree field-of-view, to a hinged, flat design with a 60-degree field-of-view that soldiers can flip up.
As it pursues the new Soldier Borne Mission Command competition, the Army has also been testing the 1.2 design, though it has yet to disclose key takeaways. However, the head of Program Executive Office Soldier, Maj. Gen. Christopher Schneider, told Breaking Defense last month he has received “really great feedback” from soldiers using IVAS 1.2.
“We have some decisions that we have to make, and I think we’re going to be pretty close to having those resolved,” the two-star general added. “In the next month or so, we’ll be able to talk on the way ahead.”
While this week’s competition timeline is one piece of that way ahead, more questions remain. For example, Microsoft announced in February that it wanted to transfer its entire IVAS contract over to Anduril, a plan that the defense start-up said today has not yet been approved, but one that Schneider previously said provides “some huge opportunities” for the service. He did not detail just what that meant.
It also isn’t clear if the Army will end up buying any IVAS 1.2 devices beyond the test articles. But for now, Lt. Gen. Robert Collins, the service’s top uniformed acquisition official, said the Army is “not currently” planning to buy a large quantity of IVAS 1.2.
“We are committed to IVAS and continue to improve that system,” Collins told reporters last month. “We’re continuing in the prototype [phase], and we’re learning to iterate … to make sure that we’ve got the requirements right.” (Source: Breaking Defense.com)
09 Apr 25. Trump signs executive order to ease US weapons exports.
• Summary
• Companies
• Trump has long chafed against congressional review of weapons sales
• Order could boost sales for big defense contractors
• Trump also ordered general review of Pentagon procurement
U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order on Wednesday for a review of rules governing exports of military equipment, as he seeks to make it easier for U.S. defense firms to sell their products abroad.
“We’re unable to provide weapons systems in a reliable, effective way to key allies of ours, and the key driver of that is inefficiencies and inconsistencies with the process by which we approve foreign military sales,” White House aide Will Scharf said at the signing ceremony in the Oval Office.
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“So this executive order is going to direct your Department of Defense, Department of State, other relevant departments and agencies, to rework our system of foreign defense sales to ensure that we can provide equipment creating American jobs and providing obviously revenue to American defense manufacturers, but provide key military equipment to our key allies in a reliable, effective way,” he said.
Reuters reported on April 1 that Trump was planning an order that would ease rules governing exports of military equipment, similar to legislation proposed by Michael Waltz, his national security adviser, last year when he was a Republican member of the House of Representatives.
The order could increase sales for big U.S. defense contractors like Lockheed Martin (LMT.N), RTX (RTX.N) and Boeing (BA.N).
Currently, the U.S. Arms Export Control Act gives Congress the right to review arms exports to other countries, depending on how close an ally a country is and the size of the planned sale. During his first term, Trump often expressed frustration with members of Congress delaying foreign arms sales over human rights or other concerns. In 2019, he infuriated many lawmakers, including some fellow Republicans, by declaring a national emergency because of tensions with Iran. That allowed him to sweep aside a long-standing precedent for congressional review of major weapons sales and complete the sale of over $8 bn worth of weapons to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Jordan.
At the time, members of Congress had been blocking sales of military equipment to Saudi Arabia and the UAE for months, angry about the civilian toll from their air campaign in Yemen, as well as human rights abuses such as the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi at a Saudi consulate in Turkey. Trump also signed an order on Wednesday launching a general review of procurement programs at the Department of Defense.
“With this executive order, we’re going to be modernizing the procurement structure the Department of Defense uses to allow it to more quickly adapt to changing circumstances around the world,” Scharf said.
“And we’re also going to be launching a review of existing procurement programs to ensure that we’re getting value for the money, to ensure that we’re getting the best possible systems in the field,” Scharf said. (Source: Reuters)
04 Apr 25. US seeks ideas for Golden Dome’s missile interceptors in space.
• Summary
• Companies
• Pentagon seeks info on space-based interceptors for missile defense
• Industry engagement to discuss space-based interceptors starts April 30
• Russia condemns US missile defense shield as threat to nuclear balance
The U.S. is asking defense contractors for information on space-based interceptors to knock out incoming missile threats, as the Pentagon explores President Donald Trump’s Golden Dome missile defense shield.
The idea of strapping rocket launchers, or lasers, to satellites so they can shoot down enemy intercontinental ballistic missiles as they lift off is not new – it was part of the Star Wars initiative devised during the presidency of Ronald Reagan. But it represents a huge and expensive technological leap from current capabilities. (Source: Reuters)
REST OF THE WORLD
10 Apr 25. Rafale-M procurement a strategic necessity for Indian Navy, says GlobalData. Following the news that India has approved the procurement of 26 Rafale-M (Marine) fighter aircraft for the Indian Navy: Udayini Aakunoor, Defense Analyst at GlobalData, a leading data and analytics company, offers her view: “The Indian Navy is set to significantly enhance its carrier-based air combat capabilities with Rafale Marine aircraft from France’s Dassault. The deal, cleared under the government-to-government route, includes 22 single-seater Rafale-Ms and 4 twin-seater trainer variants, customized for maritime operations. These aircraft will operate from the two Indian carriers: INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya, providing critical air support and protection for the country’s assets in the Indian Ocean Region.
“The Rafale-M aircraft come equipped with avionics, radar systems, and the ability to carry a wide range of precision-guided munitions, including beyond-visual-range air-to-air missiles and anti-ship weapons. Their compatibility with the Short Take-Off but Arrested Recovery (STOBAR) system of India’s aircraft carriers makes them ideal for naval deployment also making them a key asset for blue-water operations.
“This procurement comes at a time of increasing strategic concern over China’s expanding naval footprint in the Indo-Pacific. The PLA Navy has rapidly modernized its carrier operation with indigenous production of both the Shandong and newly launched Fujian aircraft carriers. Coupled with regular Chinese patrols near the Indian Ocean chokepoints like the Malacca Strait and deepening maritime ties with countries in India’s periphery such as Sri Lanka and Pakistan, India faces an evolving multi-dimensional threat environment.
“China’s emphasis on power projection through its carrier strike groups and the deployment of long-range naval aviation assets underscores the urgency for India to field technologically advanced carrier-borne fighters. The Rafale-M’s ability to perform fleet air defense, maritime strike, and area-denial roles will serve as a strong deterrent, especially in contested zones in the Indian Ocean region.
“According to GlobalData’s report “The Global Military Fixed-Wing Aircraft Market 2024-2034,” India is expected to invest about $87.5 bn on procuring various military fixed-wing aircraft over the over the next ten years, highlighting the country’s focus on enhancing its aerial combat capabilities. With the Rafale-M complementing the aging MiG-29K fleet, the Indian Navy is set to undergo a generational upgrade in capability. Beyond operational gains, the deal is also expected to spur deeper defense-industrial collaboration between India and France, which in turn will contribute towards India’s long-term push for strategic autonomy and technological self-reliance.” (Source: GlobalData)
08 Apr 25. Vietnam to buy US defence, security products to tackle trade gap. Vietnam will buy more American goods, including defence and security products, and has asked for a 45-day delay in the imposition of U.S. tariffs, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh said in a statement issued late on Monday. Hanoi will also seek faster deliveries of commercial planes that Vietnamese airlines have ordered from the U.S., Chinh said at a cabinet meeting late on Monday. The Southeast Asian country, a major regional manufacturing base for many Western companies, last year had a trade surplus of more than $123bn with the U.S., its largest export market. Chinh said Vietnam had asked the U.S. to delay the 46% tariff rate that U.S. President Donald Trump announced last week to allow time for negotiations. Vietnam was seeking to “negotiate with the U.S. side for balanced and sustainable trade, in line with the interests of the two sides,” the statement said.
White House trade adviser Peter Navarro highlighted major concerns on Monday, including transhipping from China, the dumping of seafood and other goods, and intellectual property issues.
“They engage in intellectual property theft,” Navarro told CNBC, regarding Vietnam. “They have the biggest number of cases aside from China at the Department of Commerce on the dumping.” (Source: Reuters)
06 Apr 25. Saudi Arabia eyes GCAP fighter as U.S. holds back F-35 access. A quiet but seismic shift is unfolding in the world of military aviation, one that could reshape global alliances and challenge the United States’ long-standing dominance in the skies. The Global Combat Air Programme [GCAP], a collaborative effort between the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan, is steadily gaining momentum as it aims to deliver a sixth-generation fighter jet by 2035. Now, with Saudi Arabia signaling strong interest in joining the project, the initiative is drawing attention not just for its technological promise but for its potential to redraw the geopolitical map. While the American F-47, the latest in a line of next-generation U.S. fighters, dominates headlines with its cutting-edge capabilities and hefty price tag, some experts and observers are beginning to ask a provocative question: Could the future of air combat lie not in the hands of a single superpower, but in a coalition of nations pooling their resources and ambitions?
The story begins with the convergence of three major players in the defense world. The United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan launched GCAP in December 2022, merging Britain’s Tempest program with Japan’s F-X initiative and bringing Italy’s aerospace expertise into the fold.
The goal is ambitious: to create a stealth fighter that incorporates artificial intelligence, advanced sensors, and unmatched interoperability, all while meeting the unique security needs of its founding nations. Unlike the U.S.-led F-35 program, which has faced criticism for its cost overruns and complex multinational structure, GCAP is built on a principle of equal partnership.
BAE Systems from the UK, Leonardo from Italy, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries from Japan each hold a 33.3% stake in the project, ensuring that no single country dictates its direction. This collaborative spirit has already borne fruit, with the establishment of a joint venture headquartered in London and plans for a first flight in just over a decade. What sets GCAP apart from its American counterparts, however, isn’t just its structure—it’s the shifting geopolitical context that surrounds it. For decades, the United States has been the go-to supplier of advanced military hardware for allies around the world, including Saudi Arabia, a key buyer of American weapons systems. But Riyadh’s exclusion from the F-35 program, driven by Washington’s concerns over the kingdom’s ties to China and its human rights record, has left a gap that GCAP could fill. The U.S. decision to withhold its fifth-generation stealth fighter from Saudi Arabia stems from a long-standing policy of maintaining Israel’s qualitative military edge in the Middle East, a stance reaffirmed in recent years despite Saudi efforts to deepen its defense ties with Washington. Meanwhile, the F-47, unveiled earlier this year by Boeing under the Next Generation Air Dominance [NGAD] program, promises to push the boundaries of sixth-generation technology with enhanced stealth, longer range, and integration with unmanned drones. Yet its estimated cost of $300m per unit and uncertain production timeline have raised eyebrows, even among America’s closest allies. Enter Saudi Arabia, a nation with deep pockets and a growing appetite for advanced military capabilities. The kingdom’s potential involvement in GCAP, first hinted at in early 2025, could be a game-changer. (Source: News Now/https://bulgarianmilitary.com/)
03 Apr 25. Colombia picks Saab Gripen for next fighter jet. Key specifics remain under wraps regarding a potential deal between Saab and Colombia, including the number of aircraft involved, delivery timelines, and the total cost of the agreement. A letter of intent has been signed between the Republic of Colombia and the Kingdom of Sweden for the purchase of Saab Gripen fighters, according to Colombian President Gustavo Petro.
The fleet of aircraft to be acquired is completely new, “with the latest technology, already deployed in Brazil, and is a Saab 39 Gripen brand,” Petro wrote in a translated statement on X.
In response, Sweden’s Minister of Defense Pål Jonson wrote on X that “It is gratifying that President Petro has announced that Colombia is choosing the Gripen as its fighter jet … Negotiations will now begin.”
Key specifics remain under wraps regarding a potential deal between Saab and Colombia, including the number of aircraft involved, delivery timelines, and the total cost of the agreement. However, Petro’s statement claims that the deal comes with commercial offsets, including the development of a solar panel production plant.
“It is very positive for Saab and Sweden that Colombia’s President Petro has announced his intention to acquire the Gripen E/F advanced multi-role fighter,” Saab’s Mattias Rådström wrote in a statement to Breaking Defense.
Colombia has been weighing such a Gripen purchase for some time, but a hiccup briefly appeared last month when a local news report claimed the US government would not sanction re-export of the fighter jet’s General Electric F414 engine. In theory such a tactic could have been used as leverage to convince or strong-arm Colombia into accepting a rival F-16 bid. However, officials from Saab quickly moved to knock that report down, and the issue has not reemerged since that initial unverified report.
In a statement to Breaking Defense, Saab said, “Fighter aircraft procurement is often surrounded by rumours. Saab has for many years had all the necessary licenses and permits in place for Colombia and therefore we have no reason to speculate further on the topic.”
A win in Colombia gives the Swedish firm another fighter operator in South America. Saab already has a key collaboration in South America through its Gripen deal with Brazil, which has led to a facility for the development, final assembly, testing, and evaluation of the Gripen in São Paulo. Back in 2014, the Brazilian government signed a contract with Saab for the development and production of 36 Gripen aircraft, featuring 28 single-seat Gripen E models and 8 two-seat Gripen F variants. The delivery of these units remains on track for completion by 2027, according to a Saab factsheet. (Source: Breaking Defense.com)
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Since 1946, Industrial Electronic Engineers, IEE, has specialized in the design, test, support and fielding of display products for use in demanding military and aerospace applications throughout the world. IEE has developed an extensive product portfolio that today includes enhanced flat panel displays, smart displays and handheld devices.
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