ON THIS DAY

31 January 1968: Americans alarmed by ‘Tet Offensive’. The American command in Vietnam has reported over 5,000 people dead after two days intensive fighting. South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu has been forced to declare
martial law as communist forces, under General Vo Nguyen Giap, have kept up sustained assaults on several fronts – from Saigon in the south to Hue in the north. Authorities in the North Vietnamese capital Hanoi, described it as, “a more powerful and more continuous offensive” than ever before. White House intelligence in Washington anticipated attacks over the Tet holiday to celebrate the lunar new year, but they were surprised by their intensity. Sporadic fighting is still being reported in Saigon but the main hostilities – which began at 1800 local time two days ago – are reported to have ceased. According to US figures, 4,959 Vietcong have been killed and 1,862 captured while 232 American and 300 South Vietnamese troops have been killed with 929 and 747, respectively, wounded. Last night, a 19-man Vietcong suicide squad blew a four foot hole in the wall of the US Embassy in Saigon and the nearby British Embassy sustained minor damage. Vietcong forces have also attacked the Vietnam general staff headquarters, Navy headquarters, two police stations and the Philippine Ambassador’s residence as well as blowing up the radio station in Saigon. Communications are in chaos and commercial flights from the airport have been cancelled. North Vietnamese – Vietminh – troops have reinforced their siege of Khe Sanh, near the demilitarised zone. Some commentators expect the so-called Tet Offensive will shatter the American resolve and have a similar effect on the US to that on the French after the North Vietnamese victory at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 – which contributed to the Geneva Agreements later that year. The Hanoi government has offered talks and a seven-day truce if the US stops its aerial bombardments. Documents captured by the Americans show the Vietminh troops have been promised an end to the war by February. (Source: BBC)